And one-third to a e bartlett



E. G. FORD.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION mm um: 20.1911.

1,31 1,504. Patented July 29, 1919.

Z SHEET$SHEET I.

E. 6. FORD.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED IUNE 20. I917.

1,31 1,504. Patented July 29, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EVERETT G. FORD, 0F GLENDALE, CALIFOB.NIA, ASSIGNOB OF ONE-THIRD TO GEO. W. NEILL, OF TORRANCE, CALIFORNIA, AND omrnmn TO A. H. BARTLETT.

INTEBNAL-OOMBUB'I'ION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 29, 1919.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Evnnn'rr G. Foao, a citizen of the United States, residing at Glendale, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Impr vements in Internal- Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines, 1nto the cylinder of which is introduced compressed air and gaseous fuel which is mixed with the compressed air within the cylinders on the compression stroke.

The of the present invention is to improve the construction of internal combustion engines of the two cycle type and to provide a simple, practical and eflicient internal combustion engine of increased elliciency adapted to effect a heating of the gasolene or other hydrocarbon liquid and a changing of the same into gaseous form by passing such liquidfuel around the explosion chambers o the cylinders and equipped with means for automatically supplying the fuel to the engine and for controlling the pressure of, the gas introduced into the cylinders whereby a steady operation'of the engine with a maximum efficiency is obtained.

A further object of the invention is to provide means for introducing individual charges of fuel into the cylinders during the compression stroke and for va ing the period of such introduction of fue into the cylinders between the commencement of the compression stroke and the firing of the charge and to inject the fuel across the point of the spark plug whereby a complete explosion of the charge Will be produced when.

the engine is throttled down as well as when working under full capacity.

Another object of the invention is to provide a practically noiseless two cycle internal combustion engine having air inlet and exhaust ports arranged to permit both an uninterrupted entrance of compressed air and an escape of the exploded gases when uncovered by the piston.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists in the novel construction, combination and arrangements of parts hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and pointed out in the claims hereto appended, it being understood that various changes in the form, proportion and minor details of construction within the scope of the claims may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any f the advantages of the invention.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a diagrammatic arrangement of an internal combustion engine constructed in accordance with this invention.

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view through one of the cylinders.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the distributer and the means for adjusting the same with relation to the spark timing device.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3.

Like numerals of reference designate corresponding parts in the several figures of the drawing.

In the accompanying drawing in which is illustrated the preferred embodiment of the invention, 1 designates a tank or receptacle designed to contain gasolene or other liquid hydrocarbon and connected by a pipe 2 with a suction pum 3 adapted to force the liquid fuel from t e tank into a generator tube 4. The generator tube 4 which is connected with a gas tank or receptacle 5 is provided with conduits or portions 6 consisting of coils or partial coils arranged in grooves 7 in the heads or ends 8 of cylinders 9 to subject the liquid fuel to the heat of the explosion chambers 10 of the cylinders to convert the liquid fuel into gaseous form so that a heated cha of gas may be introduced into the cylin ers as hereinafter more fully explained. The conduits or passa which are located at the inner side of e water jacket or other cylinder cooling means so as to be s'ub'ected to the direct action of the heat of t e explosion may be cast in the cylinder heads and consist of passages or formed in any other desired manner. The conduits or passages or coils may be of any desired length and the generator tube preferably enters each 0 linder at one side and leaves the same at t opposite side as shown. Also the condu1t portions 6 may be spaced from the walls of the grooves to permit the gas to pass around them to increase the heating action by subjecting them completely to the fire of the explosion.

The generator pipe is connected at a int between the gas tank or holder 5 an the cylinders with a fluid pressure re lator 12 by a. branch pipe 13. The flui pressure regulator 12 which may be of any desired construction may consist of a casing having a diaphragm 14 or a cylinder having a spring actuated piston and it is connected by a stem or rod 15 with a plunger bar 16 actuated by a cam 17 and a lever 18, and adapted to engage the piston rod 19 of the pum 3 for moving the piston thereof in one irection against the action of a spring 20 which ur direction. T e plunger bar 16 base tapered end 21 which fits in a tapered socket 22 of the piston rod when the parts are in aline' ment, the position of the plunger bar being controlled by the gas pressure regulator to elevate the plunger bar when the ressure of the gas within the tank 5 falls low a predetermined limit, and to lower the plunger bar when the gas within the tank or holder 5 increases beyond a predetermined pressure so that the amp will be operated only within certain limits to maintain the desired ressure within the gas tank or holder. he parts may be arranged so that the plunger bar will be depressed below the piston rod and caused to miss the'same only when the ressure increases beyond a predetermined oint. The lever 18 is preferably of be] crank form and pivoted at its angle at 23 and the cam may be operated ed to act as an auxiliary to the engine in drawin the liquid fuel in the form of a liquid gI'OIIl the fuel tank and forcing the liquid into the coils of the generator and pressure tank or gas holder 5 to supply sufficient gas tooperate the engine.

The gas tank or holder is connected by a tube or pipe 24 with a distributer 25, the flow of being controlled by a suitable valve 26. The dlstributer consists of a rectangular casing and a rotary valve 27 pro vided with a port 28 adapted to be carried successively into register with orts or openings 29 with which individuaftubes 30 are connected for supplying gas to the cylinders 9 in firi order. The distributer is rovided wit a movable circular cap 31, avin a threaded connection 32 with the distri utcr casing and centrally ta ped to reccive the gas supply pipe 24. he ports or openings 29 are located at intervals at one of the walls of the distributor and a rotary valve which is mounted on a shaft or stem 3 is fitted against the said wall as clearly shown in Fig. 3. The shaft or stem 33 extends through a centralopenin 34 of the said wall of the distributor an it is provided. with a pin 35 operatin in a cam slot 36 of. a slidable sleeve 37. e sleeve 37 is slidably interlocked by a slot 38 and a pm the piston in the opposite any suitable means. The pump is adapt- 39 with a shaft 40 actuated by sprocket gearing 41 or other suitable means and connected with a spark timi device 42 of any desired construction. T e slid-able sleeve which is provided with an annular groove 13 to receive a forked operating lever -14 is adapted to be moved longitudinally of the said 5 afts 33 and 40 to change the position of the rotary valve of the distributor with relation to the spark timing device for introducing the charge of gas into each cylinder at the proper time prior to the ignition and explosion of the charge.

The individual feed tubes enter the heads 7 of the cylinders at an acute angle to the spark plugs 45 and'the discharge ends 46 of the sai individual tubes inject the gas into the cylinders across the points of the spark plugs so as to insure a complete exp osion of the charge when the engine is throttled down as well as when the same is operating under full capacity.

The cylinders are provided with air inlet ports or openings 47 and exhaust ports or openings 48 arranged at an inclination to the direction of the movement of the pistons 49 to permit an unobstructed entrance of compressed air and a free exhaust of the explo ed gases. Any suitable means may be employed for su plyin compressed air to the cylinders. Tile com ustion chambers of the cylinders are adapted to contain oxygen in excess of that necessary to produce complete combustion of the charge of gas forced into the cylinders and will prevent the explosive mixture from being over rich and avoid accumulation .of carbon deposit in the combustion chambers. This full compression will cause the mixture to explode more readily and expand more quickly and will produce the highest efficiency. Also the m xture attains a. maximum compression prior to explosion, and the engine may be operated at a fraction of its full capacity at the same efliciency as when working at its full capacity without causing the engine to operate irregularly or in a jerkey or uneven manner.

What I claim is 1. An internal combustion engine comprising cylinders, a generator conduit havmg ooll portions located within the cylinders and heated by the products of combustion, a gas holder connected with the generator conduit, and means for supplying fuel to the generator conduit including a gas pressure regulator controlled by the pressure within the gas holder.

2. An internal combustion engine comprising cylinders, a generator conduit having C011 portions located within the cylinders and heated by the products of combus tion, a gas holder connected with the generator conduit, and means for supplying fuel to the generator conduit including a pump,

means for actuating the same, and a gas pressure regulator controlled by the ressure within the gas holder for contro ling the pump actuating means.

3. An internal combustion engine comrising cylinders, a generator conduit having coil portions located within the cylinders and heated by the products of combos tion, a gas holder connected with the generator conduit, means for supplying fuel to the generator conduit including a pump, a plunger bar for actuating the pump, means for reciprocating the plunger bar, and a gas pressure regulator controlled by the pressure within the gas holder and connected with the plunger bar for moving the same into and out of position for operating the pump.

4. An internal combustion engine comprising cylinders, a generator conduit havmg 0011 portions located within the cylinders and heated by the products of combustion, a gas holder connected with the generator conduit, means for supplying fuel to the generator conduit including a pump, a plunger bar for actuating the pump, a lever connected with the plunger bar, a cam arranged to engage the lever for moving the plunger bar to operate the pump, and means controlled by the pressure within the gas holder for moving the plunger bar into and out of position for operatlng the pump.

5. An internal combustion engine comprising cylinders, a generator conduit having coil portions located within the cylinders and heated by the products of combustion, a gas holder connected with the generator conduit, means for supplying fuel to the generator conduit including a pump, a plunger bar for actuating the pump, a bell crank lever pivotally connected with the plunger bar, a cam arranged to engage the bell crank lever for actuating the, plunger bar, and a gas pressure device controlled by the pressure within the gas holder and connected with the plunger bar for moving the same into and out of position for operating the pump.

6. An internal combustion engine comprising cylinders, a generator conduit in the cylinders and having curved portions located at the heads of the cylinders and heated by the products of combustion, a gas holder connected with the generator conduit, and means for supplying fuel to the genera tor conduit includm a gas pressure regulator controlled by t e pressure Within the gas holder.

7. An internal combustion engine comprising cylinders, agenerator conduit extending into the cylinders at opposite sides thereof and having curved portions located in the heads of the cylinders and heated by the products of combustion, means for supplying the conduit with fuel, a gas holder connected with the generator conduit, and

means for supplying the cylinders with gas including a distributer having valve mechanism and individual pipes connected with the d1stributer and with the cylinders and controlled lby the valve mechanism for supplying gas to the cylinders in firing order.

8. 11 internal combustion engine comprising cylinders, a generator conduit extending into the cylinders at opposite sides thereof and having curved portions located in the heads of the cylinders and heated by the products of combustion, means for supplying the conduit with fuel, a gas holder connected with the generator conduit. and means for supplying the cylinders with gas including a dist-ributer having a rotary valve and'individual pipes connected with the distributer and with the cylinders and controlled by the rotary valve for supplying gas to the cylinders in firing order.

9. An internal combustion engine comprising cylinders, a generator conduit extendin into the cylinders at opposite sides thereo and having curved portions located in the heads of the cylinders and heated by the products of combustion, means for supplying the conduit with fuel, a gas holder connected with the generator conduit, means for supplying the cylinders with gas including a distributor having a rotary valve and individual pipes connected with the distributer and with the cylinders and controlled by the rotary valve to the cylinders in firing order, a spark timing device, and means for connecting the rotary valve with the spark timing device for changing the position of the rotary valve with relation to the position of the pistons at the time of the injection of said gas.

10. An internal combustion engine comprising cylinders, a generator conduit extending into the cylinders at opposite sides thereof and having curved portions located in the heads of the cylinders in the firing chamber and heated by the products of combustion, means for supplying the conduit with fuel, a gas holder connected with the generator conduit, means for supplying the cylinders with gas including a distributer having a rotary valve and individual ipes connected with the distributer and with the cylinders and controlled by the rotary valve for supplying gas to the cylinders in firing order, a spark timing device, means for connecting the rotary valve with the spark timing device for ch nging the position of the former with rela ion to the latter, said means including a slidable sleeve connected with the spark timing device'and havin a cam slot, and a stem-or shaft connecte with the valve and having a pin operating in the slot.

11. An internal combustion engine com prising cylinders, a generator conduit exfor supplying gas thereof and having curved portions located in the heads of the cylinders and heated by the products of combustion, means for supplying the conduit with fuel, a gas holder connected with the generator conduit, means for supplying the cylinders with gas in cluding a distributor having a rotary valve and individual pipes connected with the distributer and with the cylinders and controlled by the rotary valve for supplying to the c linders in firing order, a spark timing evice, means for connecting the rotary valve with the spark timing device for changing the position of the former with relation to the latter, a rotary shaft connected with the spark timing device, a sleeve slidably interlocked with the shaft and having a cam slot, a stem connected with the valve and having a pin operating in the slot, and operating means for sliding the sleeve along the shaft.

12. An internal combustion engine including cylinders, a generator conduit having portions located within the cylinders and heated thereby, a tank connected with the generator conduit for supplying fuel to the same, a pump connected with the tank and the conduit, a gas holder communicating with the conduit, mechanism for operating the pump having a member movable into and out of operative position to operate and stop the pump, a gas pressure device connected with the movable member and controlled by the pressure Within the gas holder for moving the said member to and from its operative position, a distributor connected with the gas holder and l'iaving a valve, in dividual pipes connecting the distributor with the cylinders and controlled by the valve for supplying gas to the same in firing order, and means for operating the valve.

13. An internal combustion engine including cylinders, a generator conduit having portions located Within the cylinders and heated thereby, a tank connected with the generator conduit for supplying fuel to the same, a pump connected with the tank and the conduit, a gas holder communicating with the conduit, mechanism for operating the pump having a member movable into and out of operative position to operate and stop the pump, a fluid pressure device connected with the movable member and controlled by the pressure Within the gas holder for moving the said member to and from its operative position, a distributer connected with the gas holder and having a valve, individual pipes connecting the distributer with the cylinders and controlled by the valve for supplying gas to the same in firing order, a spark timing device, and adjustable means for connecting the valve with a spark timing device.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

EVERETT G. FORD. Witnesses:

GEO. W. N EILL, A. H. BARTLETT. 

